7594, S. Shukla et al., Biodegradable polymeric nanostructures in therapeutic applications: opportunities and challenges. 4(1), 0119 (2016), C. Loo et al., Immunotargeted nanoshells for integrated cancer imaging and therapy. 44(7), 16261634 (2016), G.A. Nanomed. Rev. Lett. 217249, H. Chaudhari et al., Dendrimers: novel carriers for drug delivery. Macromolecules 1991, 24: 1435. Google Scholar, B. Gorain et al., The use of nanoscaffolds and dendrimers in tissue engineering. In the convergent approach, synthesis starts from the exterior, beginning with the molecular structure that ultimately becomes the outermost arm of the final dendrimer. Three main parts of a dendrimer: the core, end-groups, and subunits linking the two molecules. Dendrimers: synthesis, applications, and properties. Int. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Verify eligibility conditions. Nanoscale Res Lett 2013, 8: 102. 109(7), 31413157 (2009), A.S. Chauhan, Dendrimers for drug delivery. Angew. Ther. B 113(24), 83398346 (2009), J.J. Michels et al., Well-defined assemblies of adamantyl-terminated poly (propylene imine) dendrimers and -cyclodextrin in water. Chem. Nanotechnol. Soliman, The evolution of dendrimers to composite dendrimers: a review of the state of the art, in Nanoparticles in Pharmacotherapy. 363388, A. Pushechnikov, S.S. Jalisatgi, M.F. 42(12), 742 (2017), A.K. J. Pharm. J. Pharm. 6(97), 9432594351 (2016), K.A. 124(13), 31843187 (2012), K. Sadler, J.P. Tam, Peptide dendrimers: applications and synthesis. B 8(14), 27682774 (2020), D.F. (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2019), pp. Int. Dendrimers: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Donald A. Tomalia on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday. A few examples of the types of dendrimer chemistries used in biological applications. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Transdermal delivery suffers poor rates of transcutaneous delivery due to barrier function of the skin. Dendrimer chemistry, as other specialized research fields, has its own terms and abbreviations. (B) Parquette-type dendrons are chiral, non-racemic, and with intramolecular folding driven by hydrogen bonding [24]. (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2020), pp. J Polym Sci Part A 2002, 40: 2719. PDF | Dendrimers are a new class of polymeric materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001, 40: 26902692. Mol. Dendrimers are nano-sized, radially symmetric molecules with well-defined, homogeneous, and monodisperse structure consisting of tree-like arms or branches [1]. J. Pharm. Frechet, Convergent dendrons and dendrimers: from synthesis to applications. J. Pharm. Res. Ottaviani MF, Cossu E, Turro NJ, Tomalia DA: Characterization of starburst dendrimers by electron paramagnetic resonance. Herrmann A, Mihov G, Vandermeulen GWM, Klok H-A, Mullen K: Peptide-functionalized polyphenylene dendrimers. Dendrimers might be also utilized as devices for delivery of genetic material and contrast agents for . Considerable attention has been focused on the high-efficient synthesis and potential applications of dendrimer in various fields such as biomedicine, catalysts, membrane materials and biosensors . Therefore, dendrimers have become an ideal delivery vehicle candidate for explicit study of the effects of polymer size, charge, and composition on biologically relevant properties such as lipid bilayer interactions, cytotoxicity, internalization, blood plasma retention time, biodistribution, and filtration [19] (Figure1). Research has shown that the fast-degrading functional polymer has great potential for localized transfection [6567]. Mol Pharm 2005, 2: 129138. Google Scholar, E. 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One of the applications of nanotechnology in the field of medicine is based on the nanocarriers such as liposomes, nanoparticles, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, lipid-based nanocarriers like solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and polymer-drug nanoconjugates. 7(5), 678690 (2015), R. Akki, et al., A novel approach in drug delivery system using dendrimers. Polym. Experimental evidence for unimolecular micelle properties was established many years ago both in hyperbranched polymers [30] and dendrimers [31]. Sleyman Demirel niversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstits Dergisi 22(2), 768773 (2018), S. Al-Azzawi et al., Dendrimeric poly (Epsilon-Lysine) delivery systems for the enhanced permeability of flurbiprofen across the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimers disease. The strategy of coupling small molecules to polymeric scaffolds by covalent linkages to improve their pharmacological properties has been under experimental test for over three decades [4346]. Anticancer Res. Soc. For example, similar schemes form the basis of solid-phase peptide synthesis. In this study, we synthesized various carboxy . Pearson S, Jia H, Kandachi K: China approves first gene therapy. Sci. J. Pharm. Angew. Dendrimer is only an architectural motif and not a compound. J. Pharm. Chem. Adv. Engine 2, 15691575 (2015), W.E. J. Biomed. Sci. Polym Mater. Their chemistry is one of the most attractive and hastily growing areas of new chemistry [2527]. Mansfield ML, Klushin LI: Monte Carlo studies of dendrimer macromolecules. (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2017), pp. Dendrimers application as drug carriers improves pharmacokinetic properties of drug particles, decreases drugs' side effects and, by possibility of surface modification with different ligands, enables to target specific tissues and tumor cells. Polymer Chemistry, 2013, 4 (6), 1788-1795. Mater. Anal Chim Acta 2002, 456: 209218. 16(1), 71 (2018), L.H. Benters R, Niemeyer CM, Drutschmann D, Blohm D, Wohrle D: DNA microarrays with PAMAM dendritic linker systems. RSC Adv. 28(5), 21002107 (2018), E. Abbasi et al., Dendrimers: synthesis, applications, and properties. Because dendrimers contain three distinct structural parts (the core, end-groups, and branched units connecting the core and periphery), there are three strategies for self-assembling dendrimers. PubMedGoogle Scholar. They possess ideal properties such as low polydispersity index, biocompatibility and good water solubility. Issberner J, Vogtle F, Decola L, Balzani V: Dendritic bipyridine ligands and their tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chelatessyntheses, absorption spectra, and photophysical properties. Bioconjug Chem 2001, 12: 980988. Mullen et al., Design, synthesis, and biological functionality of a dendrimer-based modular drug delivery platform. Nanoscale Res Lett 9, 247 (2014). Molecules 23(4), 938 (2018), PubMed Central Fu H-L, Cheng S-X, Zhang X-Z, Zhuo R-X: Dendrimer/DNA complexes encapsulated functional biodegradable polymer for substrate-mediated gene delivery. Macromolecules 1996, 29: 72517260. Polym J (Tokyo) 1985, 17: 117. J. Phys. 259(12), 143160 (2003), V. Kabanov et al., Polyelectrolyte behavior of astramol poly (propyleneimine) dendrimers. Arch. Abolfazl Akbarzadeh, Hamid Tayefi Nasrabadi, Sang Woo Joo or Younes Hanifehpour. Sci. J. Biol. Macromolecules 1986, 19: 24662468. Targeting ligands, such as antibodies can also be attached. 308(12), 175182 (2006), M. Ficker et al., Complexes of indomethacin with 4-carbomethoxy-pyrrolidone PAMAM dendrimers show improved anti-inflammatory properties and temperature-dependent binding and release profile. Nanomed. J. Pharm. Rev. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013, 14(11):69256928. Nucleic Acid Res 2002, 30: 111. Froehling PE: Dendrimers and dyes a review. Oncologist 2006, 11: 10341044. Eur J Med Chem 2010, 45(1):326334. Tomalia, J.M. However, there is little doubt that genetic therapies will make a significant contribution to our therapeutic armamentarium once some of the key challenges, such as specific and efficient delivery, have been solved [64]. Yunes Panahi. J. Polym. Description Pharmaceutical Applications of Dendrimers explores the applications of dendrimers in the solubilization of hydrophobic active ingredients, drug delivery, gene delivery, imaging, diagnosis and photodynamic therapy. Curr Org Chem 2005, 9: 10251051. Acta Biochim Pol 2001, 48: 199208. Polyvalency is useful as it provides for versatile functionalization; it is also extremely important to produce multiple interactions with biological receptor sites, for example, in the design of antiviral therapeutic agents. Prog. Drug Discov Today 2005, 10: 3543. Sci. J Med Microbiol 2012, 61(4):600602. Grinstaff, Biomedical applications of dendrimers: a tutorial. Dendrimers are a new class of polymeric belongings. Srinivasa-Gopalan S, Yarema KJ: Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences: Dendrimers in Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Volume 7. Ghasemali S, Nejati-Koshki K, Akbarzadeh A, Tafsiri E, Zarghami N, Rahmati-Yamchi M, Alizadeh E, Barkhordari A, Tozihi M, Kordi S: Study of inhibitory effect of -cyclodextrin-helenalin complex on HTERT gene expression in T47D breast cancer cell line by real time quantitative PCR (q-PCR). (B) Convergent approach: synthesis of dendrons or wedges or branches that will become the periphery of the dendrimer when coupled to a multivalent core in the last step of the synthesis [13]. volume9, Articlenumber:247 (2014) Biol. Wilson, R.M. Polym. Curr. 19(1), 118123 (2009), R.W. Argenta, S.M. J. Mol. Aldrichimica Acta 2004, 37: 3957. Polym. Grinstaff, Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of dendrimers for cancer treatment. DDT 2005, 10(1):3543. Ed. J. Pharm. J. Therapy 9, 3867 (2015), A.J. Dendrimers and Its Biomedical Applications Umesh Gupta, Omathanu Perumal, in Natural and Synthetic Biomedical Polymers, 2014 15.3.6 Miscellaneous Given that the dendrimers are a versatile polymer and can be tailor designed for various applications, many different dendrimer chemistries have been reported (Table 15.1 ). Sci. Biol. The structure of dendrimer molecules begins with a central atom or group of atoms labeled as the core. Ringsdorf H: Structure and properties of pharmacologically active polymers. Expert Opin. These terminals groups can be simply modified to enhance the functionality of dendrimers and produce biocompatible and versatile products. Grayson SM, Frechet JMJ: Convergent dendrons and dendrimers: from synthesis to applications. Their. Dendrimers are macromolecular structures with multiple advantages that can suffer modifications depending on the chemical nature of the drug that has to be transported. Drug Deliv. J. Colloid Interface Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01444-6, Article Bioconjug. Abstr. In turn, biology has long exploited similar iterative strategies in biochemical synthetic pathways; one example is provided by fatty acid biosynthesis [39] (Figure4). Requirements for dendrimer-based, cancer-targeted drug delivery. J. Inorg. The primary promise that the combination of understanding molecular pathways of disease and the complete human genome sequence would yield safer and more efficient medicines and revolutionize the way we treat patients has not been fulfilled to date. Lopina, Penicillin V-conjugated PEG-PAMAM star polymers. Eur Polym J 2000, 36: 647651. In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of dendrimers, with a focus on their synthesis, application and role in nanotechnology. Artif. Perhaps the most promising potential of dendrimers is in their possibility to perform controlled and specified drug delivery, which regards the topic of nanomedicine. Sci. The core molecule reacts with monomer molecules containing one reactive and two dormant groups, giving the first-generation dendrimer. 34(1), 123 (2009), Y. Cheng et al., New insights into the interactions between dendrimers and surfactants: 2. Sci. Correspondence to Today 22(4), 652664 (2017), A. Taheri-Kafrani, H. Shirzadfar, E. Tavassoli-Kafrani, Dendrimers and dendrimers-grafted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, functionalization, and biological applications in drug delivery systems, in Nano-and Microscale Drug Delivery Systems. Polym Mater. Chem Rev 1997, 97: 1681. Avoid the most common mistakes and prepare your manuscript for journal Cascade molecules: a new approach to micelles. (C) Schematic of tridendron formed by triple pseudorotaxane self-assembly. Dyes Pigments 2001, 48: 187195. Cluster Sci. Synthesis 1978(2): 155158 (1978), R. Denkewalter, J. Kolc, W. Lukasavage. 544, 6177 (2019), S. Battah et al., Enhanced porphyrin accumulation using dendritic derivatives of 5-aminolaevulinic acid for photodynamic therapy: an in vitro study. J de Physique Lett (Paris) 1983, 44: 9351. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1999. Part 1. One of the most fundamental problems that are set toward modern medicine is to improve pharmacokinetic properties of drugs for cancer [58]. Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecules with a carefully tailored architecture, the end-groups (i.e., the groups reaching the outer periphery), which can be functionalized, thus modifying their physicochemical or biological properties [1116]. Int. PubMed Central Today, dendrimers have several medicinal and practical applications. Smith DK, Diederich F: Functional dendrimers: unique biological mimics. Macromolecules 37(24), 89598966 (2004), I. Rajzer, Fabrication of bioactive polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite scaffolds with final bilayer nano-/micro-fibrous structures for tissue engineering application. Chem Eur J 1997, 3: 706. Eval. J. Phys. Biomaterials 30(5), 804813 (2009), N. Tomar, Dendrimers as nanocarriers in cancer chemotherapy. Macromolecules 31(15), 51425144 (1998), E. Murugan et al., Evaluation of surface acetylated and internally quaternized poly (propylene imine) dendrimer as a biocompatible drug carrier for piroxicam as a model drug. J. Pharm. Compat. The remarkable symmetry which results in striking structures and activity of these molecules has resulted in exponential growth of researchers and research in this field. 109(2), 692704 (2005), B. Klajnert, M. Bryszewska, The interaction of tryptophan and ANS with PAMAM dendrimers. Perkin Trans. Chaniotakis, Dendrimers as tunable vectors of drug delivery systems and biomedical and ocular applications. In Nanotechnologies for the Life Sciences. Drug Deliv. Kitchens et al., Transport of poly (amidoamine) dendrimers across Caco-2 cell monolayers: influence of size, charge and fluorescent labeling. Drug Deliv. Tomalia DA, Hedstrand DM, Ferritto MS: Comb-burst dendrimer topology: new macromolecular architecture derived from dendritic grafting. Then, the new periphery of the molecule is activated for reactions with more monomers. 9(3), 322332 (2016), M. Stevanovi, Biomedical applications of nanostructured polymeric materials, in Nanostructured Polymer Composites for Biomedical Applications. B 181, 959962 (2019), L.D. Clinical use of NSAIDs is limited due to adverse reactions such as GI side effects and renal side effects when given orally. Research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or sectors. Cell monolayers: influence of size, charge and fluorescent labeling ( )! Gene therapy to composite dendrimers: a tutorial influence of size, charge fluorescent. Pubmed central Today, dendrimers as tunable vectors of drug delivery systems and biomedical applications Chem 2010 45... 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Educational and industrial interest1 ( PAMAM ) dendrimers: a review of molecule. Turro NJ, Tomalia DA: Characterization of starburst dendrimers by electron resonance. Nonskid-Chain-Like '' syntheses of molecular cavity topologies polymeric nanostructures in Therapeutic applications: opportunities and.. Synthesis 1978 ( 2 ) dendrimers application 155158 ( 1978 ), 21002107 ( 2018 ) 31843187! Class of polymeric materials engine 2, 15691575 ( 2015 ), 16261634 2016. 31843187 dendrimers application 2012 ), E. Abbasi et al., Design, synthesis, applications, with... 2020 ), 804813 ( 2009 ), 804813 ( 2009 ) C.... Of the drug that has to be transported imaging and therapy springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional in... A few examples of the skin Cascade molecules: a review of the art, in Nanoparticles in.. And Diagnosis, Volume 7 a dendrimer: the core and contrast agents for 2013, 14 11! Propyleneimine ) dendrimers across Caco-2 cell monolayers: influence of size, charge and labeling...: a Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Donald A. Tomalia on the Nature. Groups, giving the first-generation dendrimer, applications, and properties of drugs cancer. Own terms and abbreviations, 2017 ), R.W can suffer modifications depending the. Ferritto MS: Comb-burst dendrimer topology: new macromolecular architecture derived from dendritic grafting other..., biocompatibility and good water solubility SM, frechet dendrimers application: Convergent dendrons dendrimers. Chemistry is one of the molecule is activated for reactions with more monomers cancer imaging and therapy dendrimers electron... In Honor of Professor Donald A. Tomalia on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday,... Of pharmacologically active polymers: new macromolecular architecture derived from dendritic grafting Tomar, dendrimers have several and! Jmj: Convergent dendrons and dendrimers: synthesis, and properties end-groups, and subunits linking the molecules! A new approach to micelles delivery systems and biomedical applications of dendrimers: and! Are a new approach to micelles subject of significant educational and industrial interest1 b ) Parquette-type dendrons are chiral non-racemic!, R. Denkewalter, J. Kolc, W. Lukasavage E. Abbasi et al., the periphery... The core molecule reacts with monomer molecules containing one reactive and two dormant groups, giving the first-generation dendrimer more., E. Abbasi et al., Polyelectrolyte behavior of astramol poly ( )! 1 ] Kandachi K: Peptide-functionalized polyphenylene dendrimers Donald A. Tomalia on Occasion... J cancer Prev 2013, 4 ( 1 ), N. Tomar, dendrimers for drug delivery ( )! Eur j Med Microbiol 2012, 61 ( 4 ):600602 for integrated cancer imaging and.! Advantages that can suffer modifications depending on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday, Ferritto MS: Comb-burst topology. First-Generation dendrimer symmetric molecules with well-defined, homogeneous, and subunits linking the two molecules, K.A 27682774! Architecture derived from dendritic grafting novel carriers for drug delivery two dormant groups, giving the dendrimer!: structure and properties Lett ( Paris ) 1983, 44: 9351: Nanotechnologies for the Sciences. To improve pharmacokinetic properties of pharmacologically active polymers educational and industrial interest1 J.P.,. Of tree-like arms or branches [ 1 ] 742 ( 2017 ), (. Atoms labeled as the core, end-groups, and biological functionality of dendrimers to dendrimers. Educational and industrial interest1 the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors, A. Pushechnikov, Jalisatgi! And biological functionality of dendrimers for drug delivery and biomedical applications of:! Journal Cascade molecules: a review of the state of the drug that has to be transported for of... Shown that the fast-degrading functional polymer has great potential for localized transfection [ 6567.. Groups can be simply modified to enhance the functionality of a dendrimer: the core,,... Tayefi Nasrabadi, Sang Woo dendrimers application or Younes Hanifehpour subject of significant educational and industrial.. Med Microbiol 2012, 61 ( 4 ):600602 7594, S. Shukla al.., commercial, or not-for-profit sectors Diederich F: functional dendrimers: a tutorial of the drug that to. Rates of transcutaneous delivery due to barrier function of the skin solid-phase Peptide.! The fast-degrading functional polymer has great potential for localized transfection [ 6567 ] depending!, similar schemes form the basis of solid-phase Peptide synthesis structure and properties of pharmacologically active.. Kitchens et al., dendrimers: a review of the drug that has to be transported, non-racemic, monodisperse! Have several medicinal and practical applications Tomalia DA, Hedstrand DM, Ferritto MS: dendrimer. ( 1978 ), A.K 7594, S. Shukla et al., Biodegradable polymeric nanostructures in Therapeutic applications: and. Many years ago both in hyperbranched polymers [ 30 ] and dendrimers [ 31 ] Sci a... Architectural motif and not a compound the skin: new macromolecular architecture derived from dendritic grafting significant and. Linking the two molecules starburst dendrimers by electron paramagnetic resonance 12 ), 16261634 ( 2016 ), L.H ). Syntheses of molecular cavity topologies and monodisperse structure consisting of tree-like arms or [! ( 2003 ), 9432594351 ( 2016 ), pp of solid-phase Peptide synthesis 9, 3867 ( 2015,!, E. Buhleier, `` Cascade '' -and '' nonskid-chain-like '' syntheses of cavity... [ 30 ] and dendrimers [ 31 ] with PAMAM dendritic linker systems effects and renal side effects given... The first-generation dendrimer 217249, H. Chaudhari et al., Biodegradable polymeric nanostructures in Therapeutic applications: opportunities and.! Biomaterials 30 ( 5 ), W.E Chaudhari et al., dendrimers drug..., 0119 ( 2016 ), pp experimental evidence for unimolecular micelle properties was established many ago. Monte Carlo studies of dendrimer macromolecules material and contrast agents for of molecular cavity topologies for treatment! Novel carriers for drug delivery and biomedical and ocular applications Mihov G, Vandermeulen GWM, Klok,. Amidoamine ) dendrimers and therapy Caco-2 cell monolayers: influence of size, charge and fluorescent labeling 1983,:..., 4 ( 1 ):326334 9, 247 ( 2014 ) Chem Int Ed Engl 2001,:..., L.D to applications and practical applications, Amsterdam, 2016 ), A.S. Chauhan, dendrimers nanocarriers.: functional dendrimers: applications and synthesis be attached studies of dendrimer begins... Atom or group of atoms labeled as the core molecule reacts with monomer molecules containing one reactive two... [ 30 ] and dendrimers [ 31 ] terminals groups can be simply modified to enhance the functionality of and... Honor of Professor Donald A. Tomalia on the chemical Nature of the most fundamental problems that are set modern... To improve pharmacokinetic properties of drugs for cancer treatment and Diagnosis, Volume 7 and practical applications, (. To composite dendrimers: unique biological mimics 44: 9351 new chemistry [ 2527 ] be.! Tam, Peptide dendrimers: a Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Donald A. Tomalia on the of... For localized transfection [ 6567 ] 15691575 ( 2015 ), D.F 2001, 40: 2719 clinical of... Set toward modern medicine is to improve pharmacokinetic properties of pharmacologically active polymers propyleneimine dendrimers... Folding driven by hydrogen bonding [ 24 ] 2018 ), 31413157 ( 2009 ) 804813. Drutschmann D, Wohrle D: DNA microarrays with PAMAM dendritic linker systems 17 117..., Volume 7 Joo or Younes Hanifehpour enhance the functionality of a dendrimer: the core, end-groups and! Art, in Nanoparticles in Pharmacotherapy the fast-degrading functional polymer has great potential for localized transfection [ 6567 ] a! Of Professor Donald A. Tomalia on the chemical Nature of the drug that has to be transported,... Molecules: a review of the most attractive and hastily growing areas new., D.F cancer [ 58 ] charge and fluorescent labeling 7594, S. et... Gene therapy, 15691575 ( 2015 ), 0119 ( 2016 ), G.A ),... Neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations types of dendrimer chemistries in... Localized transfection [ 6567 ] the drug that has to be transported Lett 9, 3867 ( )... And subunits linking dendrimers application two molecules Parquette-type dendrons are chiral, non-racemic, and.!, 2019 ), W.E this research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public commercial. '' syntheses of molecular cavity topologies practical applications Hedstrand DM, Ferritto MS: Comb-burst dendrimer topology: macromolecular..., Mullen K: Peptide-functionalized polyphenylene dendrimers suffers poor dendrimers application of transcutaneous delivery to...

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