Figgis, Ernest Barker, G. D.H. Cole, A. D. Lindsay, Duguit, MacIver and others are the exponents of Pluralism. With apps, we can monitor the progress on a daily basis. No criteria for the election of representatives. Other governments can dictate those choices. Citizens have the power to enact, amend, or repeal laws, as well as change state constitutions and local charters, through successful ballot initiatives and referendums. Democracy is an egalitarian principle in which the governed elect the people who govern over them. Democracy allows us to correct its own mistakes, Leaders keep changing in a democracy, this leads to instability, Democracy is all about political competition and power play. That means there are fewer issues with violent rebellion within democratic societies as well. Democracy strengthens the integrity of the people of the country. All laws, bills, and even court rulings are put to a vote by all citizens in a truly direct democracy. Using majority rule to make these decisions promotes responsiveness, but this type of democracy is not as beneficial as some people would like. It can require individual voters to accept an entire mandate for a single issue. Also, hiring for such posts should be done in a transparent way. The mission of the civil society is to advance the social changes in society through the public and work on the education, livelihood, and other policies across the public and private sectors and convert these policies into practice and engage with the leaders for advice and better results. A system of two intensive reviews one on completion of 14 years of service, and another on completion of 20 years of service should be established for all government servants. Hence, the people of the country have the power of decision-making and the government can be changed after every few years. A democracy is a government where people have a voice. It ensures growth in per capita income and per capita assets. This outcome occurs because each job is either directed by the people or filled by someone who won an election. Democracy does not create a centralized power base for ruling over the people. Democracy is the worst form of government, warned Winston Churchill, except for all of the others.. Since various people have to be consulted in a democratic government, it can lead to delays and a slow process. When it comes to preserving democratic values, it is important to remember that the process of forming governments is a long process and should be respected. If power moves away from the people to only a privileged few, then it is only a handful of steps away from a dictatorship. No.38, 3rd Cross, 1st Phase, 2nd Stage, To discharge official duties with competence and accountability, care and diligence, responsibly, honesty, objectivity and impartiality; without discrimination and in accordance with law; To ensure effective management, professional growth and leadership development; To avoid misuse of official position or information and using the public moneys with utmost care and autonomy; To function with the objective that Public Services and Public Servants are to serve as instruments of good governance and to provide services for the betterment of the public at large, foster socioeconomic development with due regard to the diversity of the nation but without discrimination on the ground of caste, community, religion, gender or class and duly protecting the interest of poor, underprivileged and weaker sections. Additionally, rather than the government, the people can be held accountable for all of society's accomplishments or failings. Abuse of authority unduly favoring or harming someone and obstruction of justice should be classified as an offence. Thats a good reason to choose a democratic government. It is especially bad in two-party systems, but this disadvantage is present in all democracies as well. The democratic values of freedom of speech are promoted through forums in which citizens can sway ideas and viewpoints. Features Of Democracy A lifelong job security provided to a government servant has led to a distorted incentive system due to which an element of complacency and inertia has got internalised in the civil services. As a result, public policy often favors the less apathetic population as opposed to the more apathetic populationthe "squeaky wheel gets the grease" effect. •    Horizontal, Copyrights 2023 All Rights Reserved by UPSC with Nikhil. Freedom of expression has been curtailed; institutions of democracy are weakened and diminished; democratic deliberation has been bypassed; attacks on religious minorities have been carried out. It even takes more time at the local level to make decisions with democracy because each referendum must go to the voters. Also, the advent of globalisation has added different dimensions to the concept of governance. We might never reach a decision if every American citizen were required to vote on every topic being examined at every level of government. Collection of land revenue, maintenance of land records, land reforms, consolidation of holdings etc. The rule of ignorance is one of the biggest Disadvantages of Democracy. In democracies, people have the opportunity to communicate with their governments directly. People who lack education or intelligence are more likely to vote incorrectly, which might result in the selection of incorrect government officials. Simply for the sake of sustaining the sources of popular sovereignty, it is worthwhile to maintain direct democracy under normal democratic conditions. Chairman of the District Bankers CoordinationCommittee. It can even make a difference in how people interact with other cultures. 'Democracy Dies in Darkness.'. However, this is not a direct democracy, in which citizens are directly responsible for making policy decisions. As democracy has come through Europe once again, the levels of warfare between the major nations on the continent have decreased significantly. The Commission is of the view that it may not be possible to route all appointments through the UPSC or the Staff Selection Commission. Democracies usually grow faster economically than other forms of government. People can choose to vote in whatever way their morality dictates. Nevertheless, it is still a good idea for the citizens of a nation. There are many benefits to democracy. Disaster management during natural calamities such as floods, famines or epidemics, Crisis management during riots or external aggression. When the majority of people participate in it, direct democracy best fulfils the needs of the populace. Article 1 of the Indian Constitution allows states to make few decisions without interference from the central government. Direct democracy has both advantages and disadvantages that should be taken into account, notwithstanding the allure of having the final say in governmental issues. It is increasingly being viewed as an efficient provider of basic services and public goods. A civil servant spends more than half of his tenure on policy desks where domain knowledge is a vital prerequisite. Morality has little place in politics, which is about competition and power. The lowest grade pay in the services is of 16,500 which makes the officers salary of the payscale rage of . 3. When leaders change in democracy, the checks and balances offered by this format make it possible to produce smooth transitions when power changes hands. There is still the risk of creating a conflict of interest within the government. Democracy is a form of government in which: What are merits and demerits of democracy ? "Those who are debtors and those who are creditors are treated unequally. The Commission has recommended a new selection process that would foster competition and ensure that the most suitable person is selected for a senior government job. Remember, Will Rogers reportedly warned, democracy never lasts long. This creates an inherent need for the lateral entry of professionals into government service. Civil servants should also be allowed to work outside the government with multilateral agencies and corporations to gain vital market exposure. [DAY 10] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2023 ECONOMY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES! There is no scope for morality, So many people have to be consulted in democracy.. 7. As recently as 2011, when social media played a critical role in the Arab Spring in places like Tunisia, it was heralded as a technology for liberation. The process of enquiry should be simplified and the large number of stages in the process need to be reduced. Every ballot is an opportunity to express ones personal opinion. Because you cant have five wolves and one sheep voting on what they should all be having for supper.. It should not be oligarchy or autocracy. The powers and functions of chief secretary are much more than that of the Cabinet Secretary. The second review at 20 years would mainly serve to assess the fitness of the officer for his/her further continuation in government service. The biggest benefit of a democracy is that it promotes social harmony and cooperation between people of different backgrounds. Supervision of subordinate Executive magistracy, Hearing cases under the preventive section of the Criminal Procedure Code, Supervision of jails and certification of execution of capital sentences, To submit the annual criminal report to the government, Report to divisional commissioner on all matters, Act as ex-officio chairman of the District Development Authority in absence of divisional commissioner, Look after the supply and proper distribution of daily necessity good, Hears and takes adequate steps to redress the grievances of the local people. Then in the name of democracy, let us use that power. Introduce the living university concept of value creation based on outcomes and good ideals. All the ills of democracy can be cured by more democracy. Read IEEFA & Ember's State Energy Transition Report to know about the progress of different Indian states in clean energy Purva Jain auf LinkedIn: UPSC Key- March 1, 2023: Know about Self-Incrimination, Transition to They never will! This arrangement can take different styles, but the result is generally the same. Democracy creates an appropriate structure of government for every person because voters select who will be in charge or how policies are made if a direct form of governing is in place. Representatives participate in an election and the voters elect their member. Three Benefits of Direct Democracy:- Complete government openness (Transparency): No other type of democracy, without a doubt, guarantees a higher level of openness and transparency between the populace and their government. Further continuance in government service would depend upon the outcome of the intensive performance reviews. It also allows citizens to make decisions about their lives. Internally the system does not call for any reaction to explain ones conduct, while externally public servants are debarred from going public to defend themselves. The legislation seeks to empower the Commander-in-Chief or the Officer-in-Command of the inter-services organizations to exercise control over all personnel serving under their command, including those . The following are the five merits and demerits of democracy. The public's interest and involvement in the process would rapidly decline as the amount of time needed for debating and voting increased, resulting in decisions that did not accurately represent the majority's will. 6. DEMERITS OF DEMOCRACY: 1. The cost of democracy is something that many people dont realize exists. Improvement in conditions of health and safety in workplace. Generally, it will have limited power. Democracy strengthens the integrity of the people of the country. Democracy also includes power play and heavy political competition. A demerit of democracy is that it is heavily impacted by political rivalry and power struggles, which eliminates any room for morality in the nation. In other words, a democracy is a better option than the monarchy. There are times when a complete majority of a single party can win an election, but even then, there can be enough disagreement within the ranks that compromises must happen. Democratic governments follow the a chicken in every pot system. A must read now also for UPSC preps. Either way, there is no centralized power that can dictate what people can or cannot do. Why public participation is essential for Indian democracy? Supervises the activities of the young government officers in the district and arrange for their training etc. Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan (Self-reliant India Mission) is a campaign launched by the Central Government of India which included an Rs.20 lakh crore economic stimulus package and a number of reform proposals. Based on the ideas of popular sovereignty, freedom, and political equality, constitutions, civil rights, and universal suffrage came to be associated with "democracy.". Leveraging technology is essential to achieve the final goal. The Presidential elections every four years in the United States are measured in the billions. It is based on consultation and discussion. We are all familiar with the idea that democracy is a government of the people, by the people, and for the people. While we are free to express ourselves in various ways, we should be open to other peoples opinions. 7. If youre a citizen of a nation, its best to make sure youre part of it. Besides, for new appointments it should be expressly provided that the period of employment shall be for 20 years. Preparation App. These values should reflect public expectations from a civil servant with reference to political impartiality, maintenance of highest ethical standards and accountability for actions. Political. c. A democracy has a limited amount of freedom. Even in this current wave of populism that is happening around the world, the format of democracy encourages people to come to the center more often than it favors the extreme. 2. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of democracy: People anticipate their government in a democracy to look out for their welfare. Is the future of Indian democracy secure? The founding fathers of the United States actually feared the idea of democratic rule. One of the essential features of Democracy gives the right to the state government to perform independently and implement rules and regulations for the benefit of the public. A must read now also for UPSC preps. But it does not guarantee the equality of citizens. All government formations are sensitive to exploitation because of the people who get elected into powerful positions. By winning an election, it becomes possible to establish legitimacy for political candidates or referendums that other forms of governing cannot provide. Advantages of Democracy In a democracy people expect the government to work for their welfare. Democracy requires more time to implement changes. It is also being criticized for lack of objectivity as the feedback from peers may be subjective and biased. It is important to listen to the views of others. It is a process that encourages everyone to put their needs before others. This is a form of government that is favored by many people around the world. Major issues are the subject of public discussions and debates. c. A democracy has a limited amount of freedom. Over the years, whatever virtues the IAS possessed integrity, political neutrality, courage and high morale are showing signs of decay. and hold them accountable to peoples. Last updated on January 19, 2022 by ClearIAS Team. Read IEEFA & Ember's State Energy Transition Report to know about the progress of different Indian states in clean energy Purva Jain en LinkedIn: UPSC Key- March 1, 2023: Know about Self-Incrimination, Transition to The District Magistrate or the Collector is the chief executive and chief administrative and revenue officer of a district. Further, all organizations should evolve their own in-house mechanism for rewarding good performance from simple , verbal and written appreciation to more tangible rewards. So if you're a citizen of a nation, you'll be in a better position to make decisions about the future. We must remember that some classes of people in the U.S. have only had the right to vote for less than a century including women. Democracy also includes power play and heavy political competition. A democracy has many advantages, including the ability to choose governing officials who will have a direct impact on the lives of their citizens. You will be able to achieve these goals through a strong and vibrant society. Role and functions of opposition in democracy: 1- Constructive criticism of the Govt. So if youre a citizen of a nation, youll be in a better position to make decisions about the future. Every branch of the government must agree on the process. According to Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, one of the founders of the Indian Constitution, 'Democracy means a way of life which consists of the basic principles of freedom, equality, and fraternity.' To achieve the principles mentioned above on 26 January 1950 Democracy was duly established in India. The Merits and Demerits of Democracy are that all important decisions are made by representatives of the people, and the election is the foundation of democracy, respectively. Improvement in quality of life of the poor. Dies in Darkness. & # x27 ; create a centralized power that can dictate people. 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