Medley EA, Kruchten KE, Spratlen MJ, Ureo M, Cole A, Joglekar R, Herbstman JB. According to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the law defines cosmetics as "articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on, introduced into, or otherwise applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance." But doses are very important when talking about toxicity. These types of problems are usually short-term and go away if use of the product is stopped. [23]Chemicals like phthalates and triphenyl phosphate can disrupt the hormone system by mimicking or blocking a natural hormone. When the chemical blocks a hormone, the chemical can bind to a receptor and the hormone may not be activated. An online course about cosmetics improves skin care practices and skin health. They can often get an idea about whether a substance might cause problems by looking at its chemical structure and comparing it to similar chemicals. This list should help you focus in on the most common hormone disruptors to start getting out of your life. There are several symptoms you should be aware of:Decreased energy levelsDisturbed sleep patternsLoss of muscle massIncreased body fatHair lossErectile dysfunctionMood swings, irritability, or depression -. [29]Scott Faber,Contaminated Cosmetics Pose Growing Risk to Consumers, Envtl. 2, 2019); Whole Foods, Premium Body Care Unacceptable Ingredients, https://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/premium-body-care-unacceptable-ingredients (last visited Apr. Epidemiologic studies look at human populations to determine which factors might be linked to cancer. Some can cause health issues in some people. [5]Poursafa, P., Ataei, E., & Kelishadi, R. (2015). Commn, Annex II: List of Substances Prohibited in Cosmetic Products (last update: 24/04/2018), http://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/pdf/COSING_Annex%20II_v2.pdf (last visited Mar. We were so thrilled to provide a granttothe Environmental Working Group for their work and research on this educational piece about endocrine disruptors in the environment, said Shaney Jo Darden, founder of the Keep A Breast Foundation. 2023 Feb 8;14:1076254. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1076254. Avoiding endocrine disruptors in toiletries, cosmetics and https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/consumer-product-safety/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredient-hotlist-prohibited-restricted-ingredients.html (last visited Mar. Do not show this message again. (2nd Sess. Whether you want to learn about treatment options, get advice on coping with side effects, or have questions about health insurance, were here to help. The list also includes common contaminants that many people dont realize can be hormone disruptors, such as arsenic, mercury, lead and others that are less familiar, such as glycol ethers and perfluorinated chemicals. Toxicol Sci. These chemicals are associated products, including some cosmetics, food and . The CLP Regulation ensures that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to workers and consumers in the European Union through classification and labelling of chemicals. Studies show that it can act as estrogen and stimulate the growth of human breast cancer cells. It's very unlikely people truly know exactly what they've been exposed to or that they would be able to remember all of their exposures if asked by a researcher. [10]Food Additives Amendment of 1958, Pub. 2010 Jul;42(8):543-52. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1252034. Ultimately, the only solution is regulatory reform to prevent these and other toxic chemicals from coming on the market in the first place. Endocrine disruptors can be found in many common products including: Plastic bottles Metal food cans Detergents Flame retardants Food Toys Cosmetics Water It has also been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as possibly carcinogenic. Transcript. Analytical methods for the determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in cosmetics and personal care products: A review. 2011); Cosmetics Safety Enhancement Act of 2012, H.R. They can be found in food, water and many endocrine disruptor, meaning evidence for endocrine disruption has been documented in humans and wildlife. eCollection 2022. 1385, 113th Cong. This could be due to a Member State or ECHA having included the compound on the CoRAP list (REACH), or due to an ongoing evaluation of endocrine disrupting properties under the Cosmetics Products SeeH.R. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies The UV filters and preservatives included in cosmetics, sunscreens, and personal care products have been the subject of several studies, but little is known about So why are food companies still putting this known endocrine disruptor in the foods we eat? REACH regulationaims to improve the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals. [2]Environmental Working Group, the Toxic Twenty Cosmetic Ingredients and Contaminants, accessed at http://cdn3.ewg.org/sites/default/files/u352/Toxic%2020%20List.pdf?_ga=2.36293026.364182527.1554126027-937396664.1520601435&_gac=1.259664632.1553597903.CjwKCAjwm-fkBRBBEiwA966fZF139RiUrtNyeYyElYAnOqpk3GtURCnrAjqAsTCXwDcJ1oSIgOtY1BoCOKcQAvD_BwE. It covers their hazardous properties, classification and labelling, and information on how to use them safely. Humans do not live in a controlled environment. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help However, these assumptions are not always correct. The study did not even identify the products. 8, 2019). [21]Envtl. As an example of this type of difference, you may like chocolate, but you probably know that it could make your dog very sick. Is It a Cosmetic, a Drug, or Both? This is the perspective taken by some advocacy groups such as the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics. [42]Since 2015, some cosmetics companies have supported giving the FDA the authority and resources to review and regulate chemicals and contaminants of concern in cosmetics, and have supported requiring manufacturers to register, provide ingredient statements, adopt GMPs and report adverse events. This is made especially difficult by the fact that ingredients (and combinations) change frequently. (1st Sess. EPA published a Second List of Chemicals for Tier 1 Screening. Avoid parabens, triclosan and chemicals with fluoro in the name or PTFE. We also found formaldehyde-releasing preservatives in 3% of the products from label reading. [43]The following companies support bipartisan cosmetics reform legislation: Amyris (Biossance), Au Naturale, Babo Botanicals, Beautycounter, California Baby, Coalition of Handcrafted Entrepreneurs, Cote, Earth Mama Organics, clair Naturals, Estee Lauder Companies, EO Products, Goddess Garden Organics, Handcrafted Soap & Cosmetic Guild, Handmade Cosmetic Alliance, Herban Lifestyle, the Honest Company, Johnson & Johnson, Juice Beauty, LOreal, Made Of, Makes 3 Organics, Milk + Honey, MyChelle Dermaceuticals, OSEA, Peet Rivko, Procter & Gamble, Rahua, Revlon, Seventh Generation, Silk Therapeutics, SkinOwl, S.W. W.G. WebEndocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are natural or . Dept of Pub. The American Cancer Society takes seriously its role as a provider of trusted, credible information on issues related to cancer. Exposure to chemicals from different sources in everyday life is widespread; one such source is the wide range of products listed under the title "cosmetics", including the different types of popular and widely-advertised sunscreens. 1973) (requiring that cosmetics containing mercury or any of its compounds bear labeling stating that fact); H.R. MeSH Cosmetic chemicals enter the body through the skin, inhalation, ingestion and internal use, and pose the same risks as food chemicals. ! eCollection 2022. [20]Cosmetics companies are not required to register and provide ingredient statements to FDA, so FDA is unable to estimate the number products that contain talc. Environ Health Perspect. They fall into five general categories, which are: agricultural, heavy metals, industrial, pharmaceutical and residential. 607.65, 1271 (biologics). Ideally, look for beauty and skin care products that are free of endocrine disruptors, including phthalates, parabens and other phenols. In the EU all cosmetics must display a list of ingredients. (2nd Sess. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are chemicals that alter function(s) of the endocrine system and consequently cause adverse health effects to humans and/or other organisms.The UN has published a list of chemicals that have been identified as endocrine It's not always clear that the effects seen with very high doses of a substance would also be seen with much lower doses. DuPonts Teflon changed our lives, but also polluted our bodies. [24]Exposure to these chemicals has been linked to endocrine diseases and some types of cancer. [24]See, e.g.,Natl Inst. (1st Sess. . For most substances that cause cancer, it takes many years after exposure to the substance for cancer to occur. ED assessments and their outcomes are compiled on the basis of information available by the date of the publication of the document. 14805, 93rd Cong. Products for use by professionals and samples distributed free of charge are not required to list ingredients on their labels. Because there are far too many substances (natural and man-made) to test each one in lab animals, scientists use knowledge about chemical structure, other types of lab tests, and other factors to select chemicals for testing. For example, in Skin Deep, EWGs database of cosmetics and other personal care products, EWG found isobutylparaben and isopropylparaben in just 96 and 12 products, respectively, offered for sale since January 2017. If unsafe food or devices reach the market, the FDA can order a recall and take legal action against drugmakers that do not recall their products.[30]. At that time, the cosmetics industry reported approximately $1 billion in sales. However, no category of consumer products is subject to less government oversight than cosmetics and other personal care products. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) January 24, 2022 The endocrine system is a network of glands and organs that produce, store, and secrete hormones. Reducing the exposure to endocrine disruptors is framed not only in the context of the reduction of health risks, but is also significant against the background and rise of ethical consumerism, and the responsibility of the cosmetics industry in this respect. WebEndocrine disruptors have been associated with altering reproductive function in men and women, abnormal growth patterns, neurodevelopment delays and even an increased risk of breast cancer. Endocrine disruptors can be found in the environment or in manufactured products such as cosmetics. What does it take to outsmart cancer? Cosmetics intended for retail sale must have a list of ingredients on the label. More than 40 nations have taken steps to ban or restrict, in combination, more than 1,400 chemicals or contaminants in cosmetics and personal care products, including chemicals linked to cancer, reproductive harm and neurological harm. Therefore, it can be very hard to single out any particular exposure as having a definite link to cancer. Washington, DC 20005. EDCs are substances in the environment (air, soil, or water), food sources, personal care products, and manufactured products that interfere with the normal function of your [1]Cal. Plus the way the ingredient is used in a cosmetic may be different from how it was used in the tests. N.Y. Times, (Aug. 2016), http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/16/us/politics/cosmetics-industry-congress-regulation-wen.html?_r=0. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Although some plants show endocrine-disrupting activity, the use of well-selected natural products might reduce the use of synthetic chemicals. and transmitted securely. There are those who believe that the products are adequately regulated, and that because they haven't been shown to cause problems they should be considered completely safe. Second, there may be other differences between the way substances are tested in the lab and the way they would be used, such as the route of exposure. Ingredients used to make consumer products (including cosmetics) have come under increased scrutiny for their possible effects on human health and on the environment. 104-170, 110 Stat. By contrast, manufacturers of food, drugs and medical devices must register with the FDA, maintain and give the FDA access to records and report adverse events. Accessed at http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/GuidanceRegulation/LawsRegulations/ucm074201.htm on April 14, 2014. 2022 Sep 9;10:951481. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.951481. Washington, DC 20005. [26] Research has also shown that endocrine disruptors can harm the immune system an effect that makes us more susceptible to disease and viruses. The cosmetics industry has long fought meaningful oversight. Not surprisingly, most chemicals that make these lists fall into the possibly carcinogenic category, meaning there is potential for cancer but no evidence or only limited evidence of this in humans. The impact of endocrine disruptors on endocrine targets. 2012. 2012 Jun;35(3):424-36 Webendocrine disruptor, also called endocrine modulator, endocrine-disrupting chemical, or endocrine active compound, any chemical that mimics or interferes with the normal actions of hormones in the body. Protect your health. Calafat AM, Wong LY, Ye X, Reidy JA, Needham LL. Most testing of cosmetics (and their ingredients) look for short-term effects such as skin or eye irritation or allergic reactions. [44]Three-fourths of consumers regardless of age, race or party affiliation support stricter oversight of chemicals in cosmetics, and nearly nine in 10 consider stricter rules very important. Women are encouraged through advertising to buy into the myth of everlasting youth, and one of the most alarming consequences is in utero exposure to chemicals. 2, 2019). It does not include products used solely as soaps. Epub 2010 Apr 23. Endocrine disruptors may be synthetic or natural (e.g., phytoestrogens) in origin and are used in a wide range of products and materials, from Herbicides (atrazine, trifluoroalin). Front Public Health. The list below only covers those that can be used in cosmetics and does not include (Feb. 2018), https://www.ewg.org/news-and-analysis/2018/02/contaminated-cosmetics-pose-growing-risk-consumers#.Wp65FpPwZ-V. [30]E.g.,21 U.S.C. Envtl. Finally, the bodies of lab animals and humans don't always process substances in the same way, so a substance that may cause harm to one may not have the same effect on the other. WebEndocrine disruption: The European Commission on Endocrine Disruption has determined that there is strong evidence that BHA is a human endocrine disruptor. Copyright 2023, Environmental Working Group. EWG researchers compiled the new Dirty Dozen list by scouring the scientific literature and identifying the most hazardous and widely used hormone-disrupting chemicals that pollute the environment and ultimately our bodies. Commn, Annex II: List of Substances Prohibited in Cosmetic Products (last update: 24/04/2018), http://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/pdf/COSING_Annex%20II_v2.pdf (last accessed Mar. The ingredients in cosmetics are routinely tested for short-term health problems such as skin and eye irritation and allergic reactions. Researchers are watchful of the publics Cosmetics are different from drugs, which are defined as "articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease" and "articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted -, Environ Health Perspect. For reprint requests, please see our Content Usage Policy. WebU.S. Methylene glycol, a type of formaldehyde. The California Safe Cosmetics Act of 2005 requires cosmetic manufacturers to disclose to the California Department of Public Health all products containing ingredients known or suspected to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive toxicity as determined by certain authoritative scientific bodies, including the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Toxicology Program and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Creators of Skin Deep Database Tapwater Database EWG Verified Search, By Scott Faber, Senior Vice President of Government Affairs. Working Grp. But the amounts of these ingredients used in cosmetics is typically much lower than what caused ill effects in studies. 27, no. Inclusion in the list means that an informal hazard assessment for endocrine-disrupting properties either is under development or has been completed since February 2013. 2013 Nov-Dec;121(11-12):1313-8 Disruptions to the endocrine system can lead to the development of hormone-mediated diseases like obesity, diabetes and certain types of cancer. Development of a microphysiological skin-liver-thyroid Chip3 model and its application to evaluate the effects on thyroid hormones of topically applied cosmetic ingredients under consumer-relevant conditions. Environ Health Perspect. Occupational exposure limit (OEL) values are derived within two legal frameworks that form an integral part of the EUs mechanism for protecting the health of workers. For example, benzophenone-3, an ingredient in some sunscreens, can be measured in urine samples from most people in the United States. Also, fragrances are generally in personal care products to cover up the odor of toxic chemicals. We need real chemical policy reform.. (1st Sess. [17]Cosmetic imports from China increased by 79 percent between FY 2011 and FY 2016. These tend to be natural and organic brands that use effective alternatives to parabens to prevent microbial growth in Such information is essential for individuals and regulatory agencies to make informed decisions about the safety of consumer products. Here you'll find in-depth information on specific cancer types including risk factors, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment options. In the meantime, people who are concerned about the possible health effects of cosmetics may wish to visit the websites listed in the References tab below to learn more about the products and what may be in them. The list also includes common contaminants that many people dont realize can be hormone disruptors, such as arsenic, mercury, lead and others that are less familiar, This site needs JavaScript to work properly. (1st Sess. ECHAs endocrine disruptor (ED) assessment list includes the substances undergoing an ED assessment that have been brought for discussion to ECHAs ED Expert Group. 14, 2018), https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/2018/03/07/is-teflon-in-your-cosmetics/. These forever chemicals pollute water, dont break down, and remain in the environment and people for decades. 2022 Sep;302:134866. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134866. In this study, Epub 2016 Mar 8. WebEndocrine disruptors are harmful chemicals that disrupt our hormone system, which can lead to a wide range of significant health harms. The American Cancer Society medical and editorial content team. More than a thousand chemical substances with this disruptive capacity have been identified. 2012); Cosmetics Safety Amendments of 2012, H.R. 2021 Jun 5;18(11):6109. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18116109. Working Grp.,Brazilian-Style Blowouts: Still Poisonous, Still in Salons(2015), http://www.ewg.org/enviroblog/2015/08/brazilian-style-blowouts-still-poisonous-still-salons. 1784. Navarro-Tapia E, Serra-Delgado M, Fernndez-Lpez L, Meseguer-Gilabert M, Falcn M, Sebastiani G, Sailer S, Garcia-Algar O, Andreu-Fernndez V. Int J Environ Res Public Health. L. No. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. [25]E.g.,Andrea C. Goreet al.,Executive Summary to EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals, 36 Endocrine Rev. Concentrations of the sunscreen agent benzophenone-3 in residents of the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003--2004. 350(d) (food); 21 C.F.R. Top 12 Endocrine Disruptors to Avoid #1- BPA Short for Bisphenol A, BPA is a chemical used to make several types of plastic. We couldnt do what we do without our volunteers and donors. Male reproductive tract malformations in rats following gestational and lactational exposure to Di(n-butyl) phthalate: an antiandrogenic mechanism? Paraformaldehyde, a type of formaldehyde. Some groups have called for banning all such substances. By combining data from both lab-based and epidemiologic studies, scientists do their best to make an educated assessment of a substance's cancer-causing ability. (For more information on how different agencies classify potential carcinogens, seeKnown and Probable Human Carcinogens. Because human studies of the long-term effects of most cosmetics (except, perhaps,hair dyes) dont exist, there is little evidence to suggest that using cosmetics, or being exposed to the ingredients in cosmetics during normal use of these products, increases cancer risk. Two or three parabens were found in 3% of the products. WebThe ED Lists The three lists are: List I: Substances identified as endocrine disruptors at EU level List II: Substances under evaluation for endocrine disruption under an EU legislation List III: Substances considered, by the evaluating National Authority, to have endocrine disrupting properties List I: This includes skin moisturizers, perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail polishes, eye and facial makeup, shampoos, permanent waves, hair colors, toothpastes, and deodorants, as well as any component of a cosmetic product. These substances include Benzophenone-3, kojic acid, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, propylparaben, triclosan, resorcinol, octocrylene, triclocarban, butylated [61] The endocrine system is a complex network of glands, hormones and receptors. WebLet's put some examples of artificial endocrine disruptors most common to get to know them more closely: Household insecticides: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), aldrin and parathion. Some companies have also supported giving FDA the power to suspend production of dangerous products and order mandatory recalls. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our websites. Imitate your bodys natural hormones. PMC And these chemicals are found in many everyday household products. 82-2182. [28]See, e.g.,Eric Lipton & Rachel Abrams,Their Hair Fell Out. There are different reasons for this. People are exposed to many substances at any one time, including those at work, school, or home; in the food they eat; and in the air they breathe. 86-618, 74 Stat. And that means hauling out the cleaning supplies. Few consumer products contribute as many chemical exposures as cosmetics and other personal care products. In cosmetics: Use EWG's Skin Deep database to find products without this preservative. (2nd Sess. An official website of the United States government. SCCS opinion Selected References Comments Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) 131-57-7 SCCP/1201/08 Hass et al., Evaluation of 22 SIN List 2.0 substances according to Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): These chemicals have been banned in the U.S. since the late 1970s, but were widely used for decades prior to that in electrical equipment, paints, dyes, plastics and rubber products. EWG and KABs Dirty Dozen list includes BPA, phthalates and other well-known endocrine disruptors that are widespread in consumer products such as plastic containers, food cans and fragrances. The EPAs Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program was established in 1998 under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, which directed the EPA to develop a screening program . 2021 Nov 1;234:122642. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122642. ), In the United States, both cosmetics and drugs are regulated by the FDA. -, Int J Androl. Rep. No. 85-929, 72 Stat. Although Congress has since then given the FDA the power to ensure that food additives,[10]color additives[11]and pesticides[12]pose no harm from repeat exposures, Congress has not given the agency the same authority to regulate the chronic risks posed by chemicals and contaminants in cosmetics. (2015), https://green.harvard.edu/news/skin-deep. Prior research has found that urinary levels of endocrine disruptors vary by race and ethnicity. WASHINGTON, D.C. The Environmental Working Group and the Keep A Breast Foundation today released a guide to educate consumers about some of the most problematic hormone-altering chemicals that people are routinely exposed to. Bisphenol analogues such as bisphenol A (BPA), a high production volume chemical identified as an endocrine disruptor and toxic to reproduction, are mainly used in thermal receipt papers as a color developer. [38]Eur. 1975) (applying the provisions of the FDCA to hair dyes); the Cosmetics Safety Amendments of 1975, S. 1681, 94th Cong. First, most lab studies of potential carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) expose animals to doses that are much higher than common human exposures. Organ-system toxicity: Environment Canada Domestic Substance List has classified BHA as a high human health priority. ECHA organises consultations to get feedback from all interested parties and to gather the widest possible range of scientific information for the regulatory processes. Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that may interfere with the bodys endocrine system and produce adverse developmental, reproductive, neurological, and immune effects in humans. Many substances, both natural and man-made, are thought to cause endocrine disruption. The endocrine system is an intricate network of glands and organs that produce and secrete hormones, carrying vital information to various cells in the body. are seldom tested for short-term health effects. [9]Section 601(a) of the FDCA (21 U.S.C. Reproductive and developmental effects of phthalate diesters in males. Fungicides (mancozeb and zineb) and molluscides (tributyltin). Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Premenstrual Syndrome in Female College Students in East Asia: A Multi-Country Study. All biocidal active substances have to undergo a formal ED assessment. Keywords: 2019). Read the labels carefully and avoid products that list added fragrance, since it may sometimes mean hidden phthalates. NTP studies UV filters by assessing hormone activity, reproduction, and growth and development in offspring. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Palioura E, Kandarakis SA, Koutsilieris M. Horm Metab Res. Know your environment. [27]See,e.g.,Envtl. Chemicals Agency, Annex XVII to REACH Conditions of Restriction: Entry 68 Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), https://www.echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/7a04b630-e00a-a9c5-bc85-0de793f6643c (last accessed Mar. L. No. [16]SeeLetter from Anna K. Abram, Deputy Commr for Policy, Planning, Legislation and Analysis, Food & Drug Admin., to Representative Frank Pallone, Ranking Member, House Energy and Commerce Comm. 378-455 (2012), http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22419778. (Mar. What is the Classification and Labelling Inventory? The long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances known as PFAS, which have been linked to cancer. More than a dozen bills to reform cosmetics have been introduced since then. The federal Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 was intended to protect consumers from toxic chemicals, but the law is acknowledged to be deeply flawed by virtually the entire public interest community and by a number of leading medical professional associations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. As a result, mined talc deposits in many parts of the world can be contaminated with asbestos fibers. Suite 1000 2023 American Cancer Society, Inc. All rights reserved. Its mission is to eradicate breast cancer for future generations. [13]Envtl. Many of these chemicals should be banned from cosmetics, as proposed in California Assembly Bill 2762, the Toxic-Free Cosmetics Act. This site is not fully supported in Internet Explorer 7 (and earlier versions). Most scientists and regulatory agencies believe that it is very unlikely that cosmetic ingredients have serious health effects because of the low dose from such exposures, even with regular use. Cosmetic imports are also on the rise. >[3]Target, Chemicals, https://corporate.target.com/corporate-responsibility/planet/chemicals (last visited Apr. This is so that cancer risk can be detected in relatively small groups of animals.

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