Vega, G. (2010). Teaching Strategies and Their Effects on Teaching Evaluations. First, a sample size of 78 undergraduate students is quite small. Findings showed that the combination of auto-ethnography and reflexive diaries could offer a useful opportunity not only to enhance student learning but also to secure generic advances in critical analysis and deep learning. A reflective note encourages you to think about your personal reaction to a legal issue raised in a course. Social constructivism emphasises social construction of knowledge through the views of the study participants (Burr, Citation1995) and the role of culture and context in interpreting and understanding reality (Pritchard & Woollard, Citation2010). When writing up, this log can become as a vital a source of data as a participant interview. Some girls go on talking in Arabic with the rest of the group members most of the time. Source: Talking in Arabic is another problem associated with group work among five non-native speakers of Arabic as exemplified: I face a small issue when I sit in group discussions in class. Reflexivity in Qualitative Research All qualitative research is contextual; it occurs within a specific time and place between two or more people. 43 0 obj Consequently, all instructors trained their students in one complete class for 50minutes, in week (2), on how to respond to the different stages of Gibbs reflective cycle. Reciprocal teaching of comprehension-fostering and comprehension-monitoring activities, Reflection in education: A Kantian epistemology, Defining reflection: Another look at John Dewey and reflective thinking, Reflection in higher education: A concept analysis, Arab Middle Eastern women in Qatar and their perspectives on the barriers to leadership: Incorporating transformative learning theory to improve leadership skills, Teaching teachers to think: Reflective journaling as a strategy to enhance students understanding and practice of academic writing, Change in reflection of physiotherapy students over time in clinical placements, Teacher characteristics as predictors of teacher-student relationships: Stress, negative affect, and self-efficacy, Student views of effective online teaching in higher education. See for example Barry and OCallaghan (2009), using diaries to record the experiences of student therapists in a hospital setting. <>57 0 R]/P 24 0 R/S/Link>> However, the current research bridges the gap in the literature by exploring the impact of students reflective journals on informing instructional practices in an EFL writing context at a university in Qatar. <>17]/P 20 0 R/Pg 62 0 R/S/Link>> Research on student reflection emphasizes the need for guided support, whether by the instructor or a mentor (Gardner & Belland, 2012). The researcher believed that some factors could have helped students to critically reflect on their experiences such as defining reflection, clarifying its purpose, and provision of feedback and guidelines on assessment. The quality of teacher-student relationships needs to be marked by understanding, emotionally-responsiveness, mutual respect and democracy in a non-threatening or non-punitive environment to develop life-long learning (Feldman, Citation1988; Yoon, Citation2002). Seventy-three journal entries referred to teachers lack of handouts in class. endobj Students were aware that their reflective journals would be read by the researcher as well as their instructors. Below is an example of one way of approaching it. For instance, (Gursansky et al., Citation2010) explored students capacity to reflect on the learning process by using an online journal. A log of day-to-day personal introspections. It is a space where a learner can record and reflect upon their observations and responses to situations, which can then be used to explore and analyse ways of thinking. Key Words: Self-reflection, Qualitative Research, and Research Journals Introduction A reflexive approach to the research process . At my request and after reading students reflective journals written in week (1), I trained the three instructors for an hour on how their students need to fill in the reflective journal with examples of their students superficial reflection. What was challenging to you during this week? I made use of these criteria to inform the current research. (RJ, Students Reported Challenges, Cooperative Learning, S. 57, week 5). For example, Watson (Citation2010) conducted a study to explore the use of reflective journals as an intervention strategy to improve twenty-five failing students understanding of the different expository methods employed as part of the academic writing course for six weeks. 56 0 obj 5.1.1 Candidates via standard pathway without advanced standing are required to submit two (2) separate reflective journal writing pieces. Data was analysed qualitatively using thematic content analysis. It should provide you with a means of engaging critically and analytically with module content. . To motivate and capture this reflection, the earlier RDR article discusses the use of a reflexive journal or diary by which the researcher provides a subjective account of each research event with details of the influences that may have affected results. (RJ, Students Reported Challenges, Turn-Taking, S. 34, week 7). You can also get a good idea of what its like to work with Quirkos by watching a short tutorial video right here: Barry, P., OCallaghan, 2009, Reflexive Journal Writing: A Tool for Music Therapy Student Clinical Practice Development, Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 17(1) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08098130809478196, Janesick, V., 1998, Journal Writing as a Qualitative Research Technique: History, Issues, and Reflections, https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED420702.pdf, Lincoln, Y., Guba, E., 1982, ESTABLISHING DEPENDABILITY AND CONFIRMABILITY IN NATURALISTIC INQUIRY THROUGH AN AUDIT, https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED216019.pdf, Nadin, S., Cassell, C., 2006, The use of a research diary as a tool for reflexive practice: Some reflections from management research, Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 3:208-217, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227430125_The_use_of_a_research_diary_as_a_tool_for_reflexive_practice_Some_reflections_from_management_research, Silverman, D., 2013, Doing Qualitative Research, Sage, London. However, the least challenging issues from students perspectives respectively are dealing with disruptive students [13], cooperative learning [11], strict classroom management [10] and time mismanagement [5]. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/files/27234596/POST-PEER-REVIEW-NON-PUBLISHERS.PDF. A sample entry is stated below: Paying QR 5 when ones mobile phone rings in class is not a good classroom practice as I forget to put my mobile on silence. Finally, I ensured that course instructors respond to students reflective journals to make reflective journals dialogic and interactive. This section has revealed students reported challenges, which negatively influenced students and made them feel at unease. Teachers comprehension checking is another favoured strategy expressed by forty-two journal entries as exemplified below: Teachers checking of our comprehension is very good and innovative because he makes sure that we have comprehended what he taught us by asking questions. His feedback is just a matter of some ticks and very few handwritten comments focusing mainly on grammatical mistakes (RJ, Students Reported Challenges, Lack of Teachers Electronic Feedback, S. 77, week 4). Lincoln and Guba (1982), offers one of the few good published guidelines for what should actually be in a reflexive journal. What role did your classmates play? Seventy-three students speak L1Arabic as their mother tongue. Twenty students expressed their dislike of the fine paid by late students. Some researchers used reflective journals to develop an understanding of students learning and course revision (Power, Citation2012; Watson, Citation2010). 3099067 Findings revealed that students journal entries were mainly descriptive. I would also like to thank Prof. Debra Myhill, Professor of Education, and Dr. Esmaeel Abdollahzadeh, Senior Lecturer in TESOL, Graduate School of Education, University of Exeter, UK, for their insightful feedback and review of the first draft of this research paper. You should maintain a formal tone, but it is acceptable to write in the first person and to use personal pronouns. endobj By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. The findings highlighted that participants of the current study were significant as they were able, through their weekly reflective journals, to inform and frame the instructional practices in an English writing course in a university context in Qatar. Lack of teachers electronic feedback is another challenge reported by sixty-two journal entries. Improving students self-awareness is another use of reflective journals reported in the literature. How have your feelings changed? I did not know that! 45 0 obj In the current study, participants showed that their teachers use some strict classroom management strategies when it comes to disruptive students, ringing mobile phones, mocking students and unpunctual students. Reflective journals: Making constructive use of the "apprenticeship of observation" in preservice teacher education. On the history and growth of the stigma concept: A reflection on the positioning of social relationships in stigma research . The current study recommends doing some future research in the following areas. What challenges do undergraduate students encounter in the EFL writing course? Michelle Ortlipp 46 0 obj Appligent AppendPDF Pro 6.3 Prince 12.5 (www.princexml.com) Another challenge is that when students write their reflective journals, they take into consideration what their teachers like to read, to get a high mark (Crme, Citation2005). <>1]/P 12 0 R/Pg 62 0 R/S/Link>> Despite the numerous benefits of using reflective journals, they are imperfect in some respects. Discussion is another teaching strategy spotlighted by fifty-five reflective journals as exemplified below: Class discussion helped me know which paragraphs are appropriate for my report. 78 0 obj But its important to not confuse these with diaries or journals which are given to participants as data collection of the lives and experiences of respondents. 36 0 obj 55 0 obj A sample example is shown below: When the task is to analyse an argumentative essay for example, I prefer to have a hard copy to help me understand the structure of the essay, take notes, underline and answer the questions. This paper suggests a methodology of academic paper classification for the scientist intending to contribute to peer-reviewed scientific literature. Portfolios as evidence of reflective practice: What remains untold? [77 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R] (RJ, teaching strategies that work, discussion, S 55, week 9). endobj For example, Hattie and Timperley (Citation2007) provided evidence of the impact of teachers feedback on students learning and achievement depending on the type of feedback given, its mechanism and timing. These are sometimes called reflexive diaries, self-reflexive journals, research journals or research diaries. <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 9 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/StructParents 1/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> 3. What steps are you going to take based on what you have learnt? Informed by Gibbs reflective learning cycle (Citation1988) and the review of the literature along with the research questions and aims, I designed the reflective journal template (See Appendix). This study is informed by social constructivism and Gibbs reflective cycle (Citation1988) as its theoretical framework. Then, the rationale behind those thoughts and percepts are recorded. Research processes are messy, and in qualitative research, they are usually very wordy, so if and when, Every week on Sunday evening, a bot writes the same message in our group chat: In addition, research highlighted that journaling is favoured by female more than male as female students reacted positively to journal writing whereas male students used it routinely with little depth in reflection (Blaise et al., Citation2004). uuid:80f43192-b0a3-11b2-0a00-0045425bfc7f 1999;31(4):359-63. These students were requested to write a weekly reflective journal using the template in Appendix. 2021-02-25T11:37:00-08:00 In addition, students were not biased, as they knew that the purpose of this research is to improve instructional practices and their instructors assured them that their opinions would neither affect their grades nor their relations with them. In other words, to also record the researchers own observations about the participants and their lives, when doing interviews, focus groups or ethnography, that will enrich and give context to other more formal methods of data collection. The reflective topic covers the assessment of the business report regarding the topic of "Digital Marketing" as well as its impacts in the current competitive market. (RJ, Students Reported Challenges, Strict Classroom Management, S. 78, Week 6). Moreover, teachers were cautioned to build a relationship of trust with students who express their private and confidential emotions openly in their reflective journals. However, the optimal cooperative learning environment is conditional on individuals accountability, face-to-face interaction, group mechanism, positive interdependence, and social skills (Johnson, Maruyama, Johnson, Nelson, & Skon, Citation1981). In addition, the gradual teaching approach was a favoured one to students learning. Good published guidelines for what should actually be in a course, ;! Journals or research diaries referred to teachers lack of handouts in class and Gibbs cycle... Evidence of reflective journals would be read by the researcher as well as their instructors are to... Journals would be read by the researcher as well as their instructors: Making use.: a reflection on the history and growth of the stigma concept: a on. 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